Ads

All about Classes in ABAP Object Oriented Programming

-

All about Classes in ABAP Object Oriented Programming

Class describes real world Object that may be car ,home and Animal .In ABAP Object Oriented (OO)Programming ,Class concept is first and Fore most Topic ,so through this post ,we will learn class in ABAP and Types of class and How to create classes and Methods in SAP ABAP.


Class consists the Properties and Attributes.
Properties are Methods or Functions or Procedures.
Attributes are Variables .

One class can have Any number of Objects that is Object is like a class but object can never be a Class.

Example :Car is a class ,Here class contains some common Properties for its related Objects.
                Object may be different companies like Ford Maruthi etc.

Objects are instances of a class ,so for one class ,we can create many objects 

Class Definition in SAP ABAP

Class: we can build an Object properties using class.
The attributes of objects are defined by the components of the class, which describe the state and behavior of Objects.

Local and Global Classes

Classes in ABAP Objects can be declared either globally or locally. You define global classes and interfaces in the Class Builder (Transaction SE24) in the ABAP Workbench.

Local Classes are Custom Classes which created by us to use it in our Local Program which starts with the X or Y ,These classes are created in class Builder.

 Creating Local Classes

 Class Definition  contains the declaration for all components (attributes, methods, events) of the class.
CLASS class DEFINITION. 
...
ENDCLASS.

The implementation part of a class contains the implementation of all methods of the class. 

CLASS class IMPLEMENTATION.
...
ENDCLASS.

Class Functionality
 A class contains components
Each component is assigned to a visibility section
Classes implement methods

Class Elements:

 All components are declared in the declaration part of the class. 
Attributes
Attributes are internal data fields within a class that can have any ABAP data type.

Instance Attributes
The contents of instance attributes define the instance-specific state of an object. You declare them using the DATA statement.
Static Attributes
The contents of static attributes define the state of the class that is valid for all instances of the class. Static attributes exist once for each class. You declare them using the CLASS-DATA statement.

Methods
Methods are internal Functions in a class that define the behavior of an object. They can access all of the attributes of a class.

METHOD meth.
...
ENDMETHOD.

Instance Methods
You declare instance methods using the METHODSstatement. They can access all of the attributes of a class, and can trigger all of the events of the class.

Static Methods
You declare static methods using the CLASS-METHODS statement. They can only access static attributes and trigger static events.

Special Methods
As well as normal methods, which you call using CALL METHOD, there are two special methods called constructor and class_constructor that are automatically called when you create an object or when you first access the components of a class.

Events
Objects or classes can use events to trigger event handler methods in other objects or classes.

Instance Events
You declare instance events using the EVENTSstatement. An instance event can only be triggered in an instance method.
Static Events
You declare static events using the CLASS-EVENTSstatement. 

Types
You can define your own ABAP data types within a class using the TYPESstatement.


Visibility Sections or Access Specifiers
You can divide the declaration part of a class into up to three visibility areas:
CLASS class DEFINITION. 
 PUBLIC SECTION.
...
 PROTECTED SECTION.
...
 PRIVATE SECTION.
...
ENDCLASS.

Public Section
All of the components declared in the public section are accessible to all users of the class.

Protected Section
All of the components declared in the protected section are accessible to all methods of the class and of classes that inherit from it.

Private Section
Components that you declare in the private section are only visible in the methods of the same class.

Classes with Non-Public Instantiation
Using the statement
CLASS class DEFINITON CREATE PROTECTED|PRIVATE.

If you learn Object Oriented Programming ,there is more choice to select for interview among ABAP peers.

 Step by Step Tutorial for creating Class in Class Builder

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

BADI Interview Questions in SAP ABAP

-
BADI Interview Questions in SAP ABAP A BAdI is an object-oriented enhancement option, which makes it the most sophisticated enhancement type. The main characteristic of a BAdI is that it provides a mechanism to change the functionality of a well-defined business function without making changes to the delivered source code. Future upgrades of the original business function can be applied without losing the customer-specific enhancements or the need to merge the changes.  If you want to become a professional and technical blogger practically, read these real-world practical SAP ABAP books . These books will help you to become a more flexible coding developer in future SAP technology. What is a BADI in SAP? BADI (Business Add-In) is a new SAP Object Oriented enhancement technique that is used to add our own business functionality to the existing SAP standard functionality.  BADI follows the Object-Oriented approach to make them reusable. A BADI can be used any number of times
Read more

Sample SAP ABAP Programming Examples for Practice

-
Sample SAP ABAP Programming Examples for Practice Are you a beginner at ABAP Language, you're looking for example programs for practice. Here I collected some sample programs from various objects in ABAP that are useful for beginners to improve their Technical skills. To familiar with coding and ABAP applications, you must be practice all applications. As per my experience, practice makes you perfect, as a technical consultant, should be ready to develop any object based on the need of the client, then only, we will get appreciation from the client and from our team side and it helps us to develop complex objects in SAP. ABAP Syntax ABAP Statements ABAP Program Types SAP ABAP Workbench Tools SAP Modules SAP Transaction Codes SAP Tables SAP ABAP Hello world Program Example ABAP- Simple ALV report Example ABAP- Interactive ALV Report Example ABAP- BDC Call Transaction Method Programming ABAP- BDC Session Method Programming Example ABAP- Smartforms
Read more

Module Pool Programming Interview Questions and Answers in SAP ABAP

-
Module Pool Programming(Dialog Programming)  Interview Questions and Answers in SAP ABAP As an ABAP Consultant, you should be strong in Module pool programming techniques as well as when you face the real-time or fresher interview, Questions, and answers to test your talent to select for the interview. For that purpose, I am sharing my interview experiences in which I faced the most of the times on these topics that are at exit command, events difference between set screen and call screen difference between call screen and set screen in module pool,chain-end chain in module pool. What is the transaction code for the screen painter? SE51. What is the transaction code for Menu painter? SE41. What is the transaction code for the screen painter? SE93. What are the main components of dialog programs? Screens Module pools Subroutines Menus Transactions What is Screen flow Logic? The screen flow logic is like an ABAP program in that it serves as a
Read more

Step by Step tutorial on BDC Session Method Program in SAP ABAP

-
Image
Step by Step tutorial on BDC Session Method Program in SAP ABAP BDC Session Method is used to upload data from Non-SAP to SAP System. Using Session method, we can transfer data through more than one Transaction, Unlike BDC Call Transaction Method Program . We are Processing Batch input Session From SM35 Transaction Code. Session method. 1) synchronous processing. 2) can transfer a large amount of data. 3) processing is slower. 4) error log is created 5) data is not updated until the session is processed. Call transaction Method. 1) asynchronous processing 2) can transfer a small amount of data 3) processing is faster. 4) errors need to be handled explicitly 5) data is updated automatically Go to SHDB and Press Enter Click on New Recording Button and Give the zrecord1 name and enter transaction code MM01 and click on the Start recording button. The system goes to the Create material screen, there give the industry sector and material type and selects ba
Read more

SAP ABAP Interview Questions and Answers for 10 Years Experienced

-
SAP ABAP Interview Questions and Answers for 10 Years Experienced This post will helpful for SAP ABAP experienced candidates who may have 3,4 5, 6,7, and 10 years of experience, all of them can be follow this interview pattern for their successful interview.  SAP Data Dictionary Realtime Interview Questions SAP BDC Realtime Interview Questions SAP ALV Reports  Real-time Interview Questions Module Pool Interview Questions SAP Smartforms Realtime Interview Questions SAP BADI Realtime Interview Questions SAP BAPI Realtime Interview Questions SAP  IDOC Realtime Interview Questions ABAP Check and Value Table Questions SAP SD MM FICO Flow Interview Questions SAP OOPs Realtime Interview Questions SAP OOPs Part One  Real-time Interview Questions SAP OOPs Part two Real time Interview Questions SAP OOPs Part three Realtime Interview Questions SAP OOPs Part four Realtime Interview Questions ABAP  Realtime Interview Questio
Read more