Top 75 SAP ABAP Interview Questions And Answers For 2020

SAP ABAP Interview Questions

In this SAP ABAP Interview Questions blog, I am going to list some of the most important SAP ABAPInterview Questions and Answers which will set you apart in the interview process. SAP ABAP is used by approx 5 Million developers worldwide to develop applications for 10 Billion devices supporting SAP ABAP.

We have compiled a list of top SAP ABAP interview questions which are classified into 5 sections, namely:

Top 75 SAP ABAP Interview Questions And Answers For 2018

As a SAP ABAP professional, it is essential to know the right buzzwords, learn the right technologies and prepare the right answers to commonly asked SAP ABAP Interview Questions. Here’s a definitive list of top SAP ABAP Interview Questions that will guarantee a breeze-through to the next level.

In case you attended any SAP ABAP interview recently, or have additional questions beyond what we covered, we encourage you to post them in our QnA Forum. Our expert team will get back to you at the earliest.

So let’s get started with the first set of basic SAP ABAP Interview Questions.

Basic SAP ABAP Interview Questions

First start with ABAP Data dictionary interview Questions which are very important to answers fundamental concepts of ABAP ,other wise ,you can fail in first five minutes of interview .Analyse deeply concepts of Data Dictionary.

What is Data Dictionary in SAP?

We use the ABAP Dictionary to create and manage data definitions (metadata). The ABAP Dictionary allows a central description of all the data used in the system without redundancies. New or modified information is automatically updated for all the system components. It ensures data integrity, data consistency and data security.

What are the features or important object types in the Data Dictionary?

Tables

Tables are defined in the ABAP Dictionary independently of the database.

Views

Views are logical views of more than one table.

Types

The structure of a type can be defined globally in ABAP programs.

Lock objects

These objects are used to synchronize access to the same data by more than one user.

Domains

Different fields having the same technical type can be combined in domains.

What are the Data Elements in Data Dictionary?

We use data elements to define the type of a table field, structure component or the row type of a table type.

What are foreign keys in Data Dictionary?

We use foreign keys to define relationships between tables in the ABAP Dictionary, create value checks for input fields and link several tables in a view or a lock object.

What are Search helps in Data Dictionary?

Search helps are objects that you can use to assign input help (F4 Help) to screen fields. You can do this by creating a search help in the ABAP Dictionary and attaching it to the corresponding screen field.

There are two types of search helps:

1.Elementary search helps.

2.Collective search helps.

What is the database utility?

The database utility allows you to edit (create, delete and adjust to changes to their definition in the ABAP Dictionary) database objects derived from objects of the ABAP Dictionary.

What are Pooled and Cluster Tables ?

Table pools and table clusters are special table types in the ABAP Dictionary. The data from many different tables can be stored together in a table pool or table cluster. Tables assigned to a table pool or table cluster are indicated as pooled tables or cluster tables.

We must use a table pool or table cluster exclusively for storing internal control information (screen sequences, program parameters, temporary data, continuous texts such as documentation). Data of commercial relevance is stored in transparent tables.

What are the layers of SAP System in R/3?

The external layer.

The ABAP/4 layer.

The database layer.

What is a Data Class?

The Data class determines in which table space the table is stored when it is created in the database.

There are the following data classes:

APPL0 (master data):

Data that is seldom changed.

APPL1 (transaction data):

Data that is frequently changed.

APPL2 (organizational data):

Customizing data that is defined when the system is installed and seldom changed.

What is a Size Category?

The Size category describes the probable space requirement of the table in the database.

How many types of size categories and data classes are there?

There are five size categories (0-4) and 11 data classes only three of which are appropriate for application tables:

•

APPL0- Master data (data frequently accessed but rarely updated).

•

APPL1- Transaction data (data that is changed frequently).

•

APPL2- Organizational data (customizing data that is entered when system is configured and then rarely changed).

The other two types are:

USR

USR1 – Intended for customer’s own developments.

What are control tables?

The values specified for the size category and data class are mapped to database-specific values via control tables.

What is the function of the transport system and workbench organizer?

The function of the transport system and the Workbench Organizer is to control any changes made to objects of the ABAP/4 Development Workbench and to transport these changes between different SAP systems.

Next Start with BDC Inteview Questions ,from this area ,you can expect 6 to 10 questions ,if you know very well about call transaction and Sesstion methods ,you cover this topic easily in Interview.

What is the difference between Call Transaction and the Session method ?

Session Method

Session method is used when the data volume is huge.

Session method is slow.

SAP Database is updated when you process the sessions. You need to process the sessions separately via SM35.

Errors are automatically handled during the processing of the batch input session.

Call Transaction

when the data volume is low

Call Transaction method is fast.

SAP Database is updated during the execution of the batch input program.

Errors are handled in the batch input program.

What is LSMW?

LSMW is a tool that supports the transfer of data from non-SAP systems ("Legacy Systems") to SAP R/3 systems. This can be a one-time transfer as well as a periodic one.

LSMW also supports conversion of data of the legacy system in a numerous way. The data can then be imported into the SAP R/3 system via batch input, direct input, BAPIs or IDocs.

Furthermore, the LSM Workbench provides a recording function that allows generating a "data migration object" to enable migration from any required transaction.

The main functions of the LSM Workbench are:

Import data (legacy data in spreadsheet tables and/or sequential files)

Convert data (from source format to target format)

Import data (into the database of the R/3 application)

To start the LSMW workbench use transaction LSMW

TCODE - LSMW.

Very important questions in ABAP are ALV reports reports Interview Questions ,to cross the first step ,you should have well prepared on ALV Object.

What is ALV?

ALV stands for ABAP List Viewer. ALV gives us a standard List format and user interface to all our ABAP reports. ALV is created by a set of standard function modules provided by SAP.

What are the uses of ALV reports?

Sorting of records

Filtering of records

Totals and Sub-totals

Download the report output to Excel/HTML

Changing the order of the columns in the report

Hide the unwanted columns from the report

What are standard function modules used to create ALV?

REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY Display an ALV list

REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY Display an ALV grid

REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE Output List header information

REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_F4 Display variant selection dialog box

REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_EXISTENCE Checks whether a variant exists

REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE Create field catalog from dictionary structure or internal table

What is Field Catalog in SAP ALV?

We have the following three ways to build a field catalog.

Automatically through a Data Dictionary structure. (Example in What is SAP ALV?)

Manually in ABAP program. (Example in Create a simple ALV)

Semi-automatically by combining the above two procedures.

Declare an internal table of type SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV.

Call function module REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE

What is SLIS in ALV and standard type tables of it?

SLIS is the type library for ALV grid.

If you'll use the ALV you have to add TYPE-POOLS : SLIS. command at the beginning of your code.

SLIS_LAYOUT_ALV,

SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV

SLIS_T_LISTHEADER,

SLIS_T_EVENT,

SLIS_SELFIELD.

How do you define deafault variant for ALV?

he user can programmatically set the initial (default) variant for list display.

The default variant can be found using the function module 'REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_DEFAULT_GET'.

Smartforms Interview Questions which also paly very important go further into success of interview ,learn technical aspects of smartforms and Prepare for SAP scripts questions even if we will face 2 to 3 questions from scripts to impress interviewer.

What is smartform?

Smart Forms are printing forms used to print Invoice and purchase order forms etc. We are calling smartforms from ABAP programs then spools are generated, now smartform ready to be printed.

SMARTFORMS is the transaction to design the smart form layout.

SMARTSTYLES are used to define paragraph and character formats (fonts, barcodes, etc.)

What are the differences between SAP Scripts and Smartforms?

SAP Scripts are client dependent whereas Smartforms are client independent.

SAP Scripts require a driver program to display the output whereas in smartforms the form routines can be written so that it is standalone.

A Table Painter and Smartstyles to assist in building up the smartforms

An integrated Form Builder helps to design Smartforms more easily than SAP Scripts

It is possible to create a Smartform without a main window

Function module is generated for Smartforms when we are activating it.

Multiple page formats is possible in smart forms.

What is the meaning of a SAP Script and what is the role of it?

SAP scripts are using to print the forms ,Ex:Purchase Order ,Invoice etc.

What are Paragraph and Character Formats ?

To format texts in forms, you need paragraph and character formats.

What are Windows and Text Elements ?

Forms usually consist of individual text areas (address, date, footer, and so on). To provide these areas with texts, you must define the areas first as output areas.

SAPscript calls such an output area a window.

Frequently used window names in application forms are ADDRESS, SENDER, MAIN, or PAGE.

ou can create each window only once on each page, except the main window, which may appear up to 99 times on each page.

Most of the success depends on answering the Enhancements framework Interview Questions that are BADI ,User Exits ,Customer Exits and Implicit and Explicit options questions which are key to success of interview.

What is a BADI in SAP?

BADI (Business Add-In) is a new SAP Object Oriented enhancement technique which is used to add our own business functionality to the existing SAP standard functionality.

BADI follows Object Oriented approach to make them reusable. A BADI can be used any number of times where as standard enhancement techniques can be used only once.

What is the Difference BADI and User Exits in SAP?

Business Add-Ins are a new SAP enhancement technique based on ABAP Objects.

Badi’s allow for a multi-level system landscape (SAP, partner, and customer solutions, as well as country versions, industry solutions, and the like). Business Add-Ins can be created at each level within such a system infrastructure

Some BADI can have multiple independent implementations, which is much better for software deployment as several developers can implement the same BADI independently.

Customer-exit implemented in one project cannot be implemented in other.

What are the steps to Develop BADI in SAP?

Enter BADI name

Click on CREATE SE18

To define a BADI use Sap Menu -> Tools -> ABAP Workbench -> Utilities -> Business Ad-Ins ->

Defining BADIs - Attributes

- Enter short text

- BADI class is automatically created

- When a BADI is created, BADI class gets automatically created with the suffix 'CL_EX_' after the first character of the BADI name.

- Package: Specifies the Package in which this BADI resides.

- Multiple uses: With this option you can have multiple implementations for the same BADI

BAPI Interview Questions also crucial to face tough interview angle in ABAP.

What is BAPI in SAP?

BAPI is a Business Application Programming which provides access to processes and data in business application systems such as R/3. BAPIs are defined as API methods of SAP business object types. Business object types and their BAPIs are described and stored in the Business Object Repository (BOR). A BAPI is implemented as a function module, that is stored and described in the Function Builder.

Explain the steps to create a BAPI?

1.Creating a structure in SE11

2.Creating the function module in SE37

3.Creating the business object in SWO1

4.Viewing the created BAPI in BAPI Explorer

5.Test the BAPI.(BAPI tcode)

What are the uses of BAPI?

Using BAPI,we can connect :

New R/3 components.

Non-SAP software.

Legacy systems.

Isolating components within the R/3 System .

Connecting R/3 Systems to the Internet.

PC programs.

Workflow applications.

What is the difference between BAPI and RFC?

BAPI:

BAPI is a RFC enabled function module and we create business objects and registered in the BOR (Business Object Repository) which can be accessed outside the SAP system by using other applications (Non-SAP) Languages such as VB or JAVA. That time we only define the business object and its methods from external system.

RFC:

Communication between applications of different systems in the SAP environment including connections between SAP systems as well as between SAP systems and non-SAP systems. Remote Function Call (RFC) is the standard SAP interface for communication between SAP systems. The RFC calls a function to be executed in a remote system.

ALE IDOC Interview Questions finally decides your interview status ,put more concentration on Idocs .

What is an ALE ?

ALE stands for Application Link Enabling which links two systems.

ALE is a technology that can enable exchange of data between two different Systems ( Sap - Sap OR Sap - Non Sap).

ALE architecture has the 3 layers :

Application layer related to the application data ( SD , MM , FI or data for any SAP application ) .

Distribution layer decides to whom should the data generated by the application layer has to be distributed

Communication layer responsible for delivering the Idoc to the receiving system and communicates to the receiving system via tRFC , File ports , FTP or TCP/IP etc.

ALE uses IDoc as a vehicle to transfer data between two systems.

What are the Advantages ALE/IDOCS?

Reduced Data entry errors

Reduced processing time

Availability of data in electronic form

Reduced inventories and better planning

Standard means of communications

Better business process

What is an EDI ?

EDI stands for Electronic Data Interchange.It related to the electronic exchange of business data in a structured format between two systems. The EDI subsystem generally converts the Idoc data into one of the many EDI formats and generates an EDI file in an X12 format. The middleware then translates the X12 file to an IDOC format and the IDOC is sent to the SAP system.

What are the process types of EDI?

EDI has two process:

1. Outbound process

2. Inbound process

What happens in the Outbound Process?

1.Application document is created.

2. IDOC is generated

3.Idoc is transferred from SAP to Operating system layer

4.Idoc is converted into EDI standards

5.Edi document is transmitted to the business partner

6.The Edi Subsystem report status to SAP

What happens in the Inbound Process?

1.EDI transmission received

2.EDI document is converted into an IDOC

3.IDOC is transferred to the SAP layer

4.The application document is created

5.The application document can be viewed.

What is RFC Destination?

Used to define the characteristics of communication links to a remote system on which a functions needs to be executed.

Finally Object Oriented Programming Interview Questions will boost your interview to cross the hurdle of score point to select an Interview.

What are the main features of Object-oriented programming?

Encapsulation

Plomorphysm

Inheritance

Abstraction

What is a class definition?

A class is an abstract definition of a real-world object.

What is an Object?

An object is a real-world Object that contains properties and data.

How many types of classes in oops?

Public class

Private Class

Final Class

Singleton Class

Abstract class

Friend class

Persistent class

What is the difference between class and function group?

We can't create many instances of the function group but we create number of instances for class within a ABAP program.

What are the components of the classes?

Methods and attributes are components of the classes

What are the differences between local and global classes?

Local are defined within the ABAP program but Global class are defined in the class builder SE24 ,available for all SAP applications.

What are the constructors and difference between them?

Constructor is a special kind of method .it will be called automatically when object is instantiated in the class .A class contains the two types of constructors default which are static and instance

static constructor called only one time when class loaded.Instance constructors are instance-specific that is object-specific ,whenever we created new object ,instance constructors will be calling.

Prepare Module pool interview Questions, from this topic, some times we will get questions, often not.

What is transaction code for screen painter?

SE51.

What is transaction code for Menu painter?

SE41.

What is transaction code for screen painter?

SE93.

What are the main components of dialog programs?

Screens

Module pools

Subroutines

Menus

Transactions

What is the Screen flow Logic?

The screen flow logic is like an ABAP program in that it serves as a container for processing blocks. There are four event blocks, each of which is introduced with the screen keyword PROCESS:

PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT.

...

PROCESS AFTER INPUT.

...

PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST.

...

PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST.

What are the important screen key-words using in the event Blocks?

Within the event blocks, you can use the following screen-keywords:

Keyword

Description

MODULE